Hurricanes are powerful and devastating natural phenomena characterized by strong winds, storm surge flooding, heavy rains, destructive winds, tornadoes, high surf, and rip currents . Hurricanes originate in warm ocean waters, which give them the potential to severely damage houses, farms, and infrastructure, causing population displacement, fatalities, and environmental damage. A grave example is Hurricane Maria, which hit Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017, causing estimated damages of $100 billion and an official death toll of 2,975, though a Harvard survey suggested the actual figure might be as high as 4,645 (Velázquez, 2022). This instance depicted the danger of hurricanes and the vulnerabilities of coastal communities to extreme natural disasters. Therefore, it emphasizes the urgent need for comprehensive mitigation strategies and sustainable infrastructure to alleviate future disasters. 

One of the biggest catastrophic disaster that hits the United States was Katrina. In 2005, Mississippi and Louisiana were the most affected by the hurricane at that period. On August 26 2005, the emergency department announce the huge storm leading to the coastline with heavy waves. All the structures, infrastructures situated in New Orleans were completely ravaged by Katrina. An incredible flooding just cover the entire cities and left a large number of debris and homeless. Many families have lost their loved ones, communities and the whole civilians have lost life due to the flood and other effects from Katrina. An approximate numbers has been confirmed that around 1500 death has been recorded. Thousands of residents were trapped in their houses and on the roofs as they could not move due to the depth of water in the area. The estimated damage cost from the Hurricane in the US reached over $81 Billion. 

Photo of a family on a porch after Hurricane Katrina , 2005. Bloomberg                           Residents trapped in the house after Maria, Puerto Rico,2017. Hartford Courant

Recent Hurricane in the United States was in August, 2023 called Idalia. The waves is originated from the eastern Pacific and central America. A lof of cities in the southeast have lost powers and shelter after the hurricane. Many roads and other public infrastructure were completely damaged. 

At 90mph, huge waves hits Georgia state spreading to   South Carolina. No death has been recorded after Idalia, however, multiple gas station and homes were left with minor damaged. Residents in Florida were evacuated from the site to prevent any further damage caused by the hurricane Idalia. 

Gas station damaged from Idalia, 2023. Getty Image